Epidemiology of End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Regular Hemodialysis in El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt

Abstract

Background: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is associated with severe morbidity, mortality, high cost for management and different impacts on general health and patient wellbeing. Total number of ESRD patients requiring renal replacement therapy has been growing drastically. Objective: the aim of the present work was to study the epidemiology of End Stage Renal Disease in one of the Egyptian areas in El Beheira Governorate, for getting some data about the distribution and most common causes of this disease. Identifying major risk factors on the onset of ESRD is an important part in preventing the development of ESRD. Patients and Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted at dialysis centers in El Beheira Governorate, Egypt, by using questionnaire and direct interviewing technique with ESRD patients, in addition to using medical records for our data collections to identify major risk factors leading to ESRD. Results: The prevalence of ESRD patients on regular hemodialysis in El Beheira Governorate, Egypt, was 571 pmp (0.057%). The causes of ESRD in the present study were hypertension (31.7%), diabetes mellitus (18.0%), obstructive nephropathy (10.8%), glomerulonephritis (4.5%), urinary tract infection (3.9%), Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) (2.9%), unknown (21.6%) and other causes such interstitial nephritis (1.9%) and Systemic lupus erythematous (1.5%). Conclusion: It could be concluded that increase public awareness about kidney problems and also increase awareness among primary health care physician about the early detection and prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) will help to identify a probable correctable cause and to prevent progression to CKD.