Epidemiological, demographic and risk factor profile in patients harbouring various types of gallbladder calculi: a cross sectional study from a south Indian tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: Gallstone disease is one of the most common digestive system diseases next to GERD and accepted treatment involves laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy making it one of the costly diseases. with increasing westernisation of Indian lifestyle and food and also recent studies pointing out its association with cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality its need of the time to undertake an extensive study on epidemiology, demography and risk factors of gallstone disease. The aim was to study the epidemiological, demographic and risk factor profile in patients harbouring various types of gallbladder calculi.Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted. 100 cholelithiasis patients were undergoing operative procedure at our department.Results: Showed that females had higher incidence of gallstone disease with a ratio of 2:1, mixed gallstone was the predominant type (53%), mean BMI of the study population was 28.03 with SD of 3.61.Conclusions: Women are twice as likely as men to form gallstones. Most common gallstone type found is mixed type and least is cholesterol type. Age group most commonly affected is between 31-50 years. There is a statistically significant association between high BMI and occurrence of gallstone. There is a statistically significant association between diabetes and occurrence of gallstone.