Abstract
Increasing the environmental sustainability of the agriculture sector is an important policy goal for many governments. This study employs Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) to identify potential necessary conditions (bottlenecks) and to assess their required levels for achieving strong and weak environmental sustainability outcomes in agriculture. Based on data from selected OECD countries, the results show that there are several necessary conditions, including both structural and policy conditions, for achieving high environmental sustainability. More specifically, the results show that low production intensity and low livestock density and cropland share are necessary conditions for high environmental sustainability. These, in turn, are affected by past and present production-coupled agricultural support policies (especially market price support and output payments) that constrain the achievement of high environmental sustainability. It is therefore important to reduce the levels of these support measures to enable higher environmental sustainability in agriculture.
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