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Abstract
The complexity of spatial use has an impact on poverty and the development of slum settlements towards a decrease in environmental quality. In this study, we aim to analyze (1) urbanization and spatial expansion as determinants of spatial dynamics in suburban areas, (2) the effect of spatial expansion, land use change, population increase, and spatial activity patterns on the development of slum settlements, and (3) the relationship between control of spatial planning, handling land reclamation, and improving the quality of infrastructure with improving the quality of the environment and the sustainability of handling slum settlements in the suburbs. We use a sequential explanatory design, which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research, and data are obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, surveys, and documentation. The results showed that slum settlements in watersheds and coastal areas as well as inadequate support for infrastructure services resulted in excessive groundwater use, soil pollution, and surface water quality pollution resulting in less smooth river flow regulation, lowering of water levels, urban flooding, and disease transmission. Weak control over spatial use, utilization of water catchment areas, and the inadequate fulfillment of slum settlement infrastructure services cause a decrease in environmental quality. These results indicate that it is very important to deal with slum settlements in a sustainable manner, including spatial use and environmental, economic, and social aspects. This study recommends that the handling of slum settlements requires policy support from the government in an effort, to meet the city target without slums by 2030 in Makassar City, Indonesia.
Highlights
The dynamics of metropolitan cities is one of the current global problems
We used case studies because (1) the spatial expansion of Makassar toward the periphery are and complexly arranged, and we wanted to investigate the impact on the development of slums on environmental degradation; (2) the nature of the case has patterns, consistency, and sequences; (3) the context of the case of slums and the deterioration of the environmental quality of the periphery of Makassar area are quite complex; and (4) the nature of the case was aimed at understanding the background or spatial expansion event against the dynamics of the periphery
From the five aspects studied, we found that the spatial dynamics of the periphery of Makassar are positively associated with the existence and fulfillment of the needs of the community located in slums in the Biringkanaya and Tamalate districts
Summary
The dynamics of metropolitan cities is one of the current global problems. Understanding the components of urban population growth becomes a very important element [1]. Economic globalization, marked by the increasing volume of global transportation, and urban logistics space is changing [3]. Urban-agricultural, urban-ecological, agricultural-ecological, and urban-agricultural-ecological space can effectively reduce the impact of human activities and agricultural production [4,5]. Excess urbanization and spatial expansion to meet the needs of the development of socio-economic activities contribute positively to the conversion of productive agricultural land and changes in utilization towards changes in typology and morphology of the periphery [6,7]
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