Abstract
In this study, HMF was successfully synthesized from a range of cellulosic sugars, utilizing sustainable acidic biochar derived from cassava rhizome (CR). Various acid precursors such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4),p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH), and ferric chloride (FeCl3) were chosen. Acids grafted biochar were carried out through a facile hydrothermal method. HMF production was performed at 175 °C for 0.5 h using 10 % of the acidic biochar catalyst in water to isopropanol (i-PrOH) mixture ratio of 1:4. The maximum HMF yields of fructose (53.29 wt%), glucose (2.94 wt%), and cellulose (0.38 wt%) could be achieved over 600-H2SO4, 700-FeCl3, and 400-H2SO4catalysts, respectively. Moreover, the recyclability of the acidic biochar catalysts could distinguish more than five times without significant loss of activity. Remarkably, the life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost analysis of the HMF production process indicated that the future sustainable industrial production of HMF could be realizedinvolving the 600-TsOH catalyst.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.