Abstract
Foundations in Germany were examined in the context of environmental issues. Data from environmental foundations show that there is huge difference between private and public foundations concerning financial settings. Furthermore, environment is often not the only objective and sometimes not even processed. Our analysis shows that there are different types of foundations with regard to environmental scopes and activities. Although “attractive topics” such as biodiversity and landscape conservation seem to be more important to foundations, less visible topics such as pollution prevention remain merely a “blind spot.” Together, these findings suggest that there is only a limited potential of private foundations compared with public foundations. Nevertheless, there might be an impact on environmental awareness and local sustainability.
Highlights
ObjectivesEnergy and transport Forestry/forest Coasts and seas
With the help of this structure, we want to answer the following research questions: Research Question 1: What are the fields of action on which environmental foundations work? Research Question 2: What types of instruments do they use to fulfill their tasks? Research Question 3: Can we find structures in Germany that are similar to those of other countries?
We found eight public foundations that were established by political authorities
Summary
Energy and transport Forestry/forest Coasts and seas. Harmful substances, toxins Species and habitat protection/biodiversity Inland waters Energy and transport Forestry/forest Coasts and seas Landscape protection Agriculture Air/atmosphere/climate Sustainable economics/consumption Others Total. Thousand.-Euro 2,456 9,334 5,857 6,513 8,229 4,833 9,073 7,683 7,064 7,029 728 68,800. Private foundations (n = 94) Thsd.-Euro 533. % 2.89 18.89 10.65 3.85 13.15 5.36 17.48 10.38 6.86 6.58 3.91 100 account for three fourths of the total expenditures of our sample but represent only approximately 3%. It should be taken into account that the largest environmental foundation in Europe is a German foundation funded by the German government. The data show the influence such a major player has related to overall spending
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