Abstract
This chapter identifies the extensive parallels that exist between the development of environmental concern and the emergence and development of environmental sociology. The first cogent critique of indefinite economic growth that does not conserve or replenish the natural resources that provide its essential inputs arose during the 1970s. This critique came as a continuation of earlier warnings that various industrial techniques and processes were having a deleterious impact on the natural environment. The result was a convergence of two currents of environmental concern: the first brought to attention the limits of developmental processes themselves and the second pointed out their adverse impact on natural resources with no immediate exchange value. The contestations of various environmental movements at the time were marked by powerful negations of modernity in general and of the capitalist mode of production in particular.
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