Abstract
The mechanism of separating metallic (m-) and semiconducting (s-) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by electric-field induced layer formation (ELF) was investigated, by examining effects from the environmental conditions, that is, the pH and surfactant concentration on the separation process. Time course analysis showed that the pH and surfactant concentration in the cell become inhomogeneous during the ELF separation process. The ζ potential measurements revealed that the s-SWCNTs are much more negatively charged than m-SWCNTs in the specific pH range. The mechanism of ELF separation of m- and s-SWCNTs by forming layers is attributed to the dynamic changing/balancing of the electrophoretic and electroosmotic forces acting on the SWCNTs. The applicability of various surfactants for the ELF method was also discussed in terms of the surfactant types and the molecular structures.
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