Abstract
In this paper, a new method is proposed for motion vector steganalysis using the entropy value and its combination with the features of the optimized motion vector. In this method, the entropy of blocks is calculated to determine their texture and the precision of their motion vectors. Then, by using a fuzzy cluster, the blocks are clustered into the blocks with high and low texture, while the membership function of each block to a high texture class indicates the texture of that block. These membership functions are used to weight the effective features that are extracted by reconstructing the motion estimation equations. Characteristics of the results indicate that the use of entropy and the irregularity of each block increases the precision of the final video classification into cover and stego classes.
Highlights
Steganography is the basis of hidden communication
The purposed principle of second-generation methods is to embed a higher number of hidden message bits for changing one of the motion vectors [5,6,7], on the other hand decreasing the distortion for a given payload
Where J is the Lagrangian cost; D denotes the distortion; R denotes the bits needed for motion vector difference (MVD) entropy coding; λ is the Lagrangian multiplier, which is found experimentally as the following expressions for H.264/AVC standard [25]: q λ=
Summary
Steganography is the basis of hidden communication. In contrast to steganography methods, steganalysis methods have been developed to detect the existence of a message in digital media such as audio, image and video. The purposed principle of second-generation methods is to embed a higher number of hidden message bits for changing one of the motion vectors [5,6,7], on the other hand decreasing the distortion for a given payload. These approaches include the syndrome trellis code. The detection of methods as such is difficult even with the Aoso when the bit rate is low or the message length is low These algorithms do not guarantee that the motion vector changes to another optimal location.
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