Abstract
Abstract In 1851 William Thomson, who later became Lord Kelvin, presented to the Royal Society of Edinburgh a paper on the dynamic theory of heat. This paper set forth the principle of conservation of energy, later known as the First Law of Thermodynamics, and another principle concerned with the dissipation of useful energy, now called the Second Law. Kelvin, who held the chair of natural philosophy at the University of Glasgow, worked at a time when improvements in mechanical devices such as the steam engine were transforming life in the Western world. Along with Nicolas Carnot in France and James Prescott Joule in England, he laid the foundations for the science of heat and its transformation into mechanical work. These contributions had a deep and wide-ranging influence on the physical science of the nineteenth century.
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