Enthalpies of solution and solvation of amides in N,N-dimethylformamide: Application of the random contact point approach

Abstract

Calorimetrically determined molar enthalpies of solution at infinite dilution in N,N-dimethylformamide and densities of several amides at 25°C are reported. Some of the enthalpies are combined with literature data for enthalpies of vaporization to obtain molar enthalpies of solvation. Relations are found between the enthalpies of solution and the size, and between these enthalpies and the enthalpic pair interaction coefficients of the solute molecules. These relations are quantified by an extension of the random contact point approach. This additivity scheme is also applied to enthalpies of solvation, vaporization and cavity formation. With this approach thermodynamic quantities of solution, solvation, vaporization, and pair interaction of different solutes and solvents are correlated with a single consistent set of group interaction parameters. In addition, the random contact point model provides a simple method to calculate thermodynamics of cavity formation which appear to be as reliable as those of the much more complicated scaled particle theory.