Abstract
A new method was developed for effective enrichment of Cd2+ ions from water with a calcium alginate (CaAlg) hydrogel filtration membrane. First, the CaAlg hydrogel filtration membrane was prepared without a pore-forming agent. This membrane was used to remove Cd2+ via ion exchange with Ca2+, and the Cd2+ was preserved in the CaAlg hydrogel. Then, the CaAlg hydrogel containing Cd2+ was soaked in a sodium citrate solution, and the hydrogel was fully dissolved. The removal rate of the CaAlg filtration membrane reached almost 100% within 120 min when the Cd2+ concentration was under 1 mg/L. Factors affecting the removal rate were investigated, such as NaAlg concentration, operating pressure, operating time and the initial concentration of Cd2+. The effects of initial Cd2+ concentration, pressure and filtration time on the enrichment factor were also investigated. The results show that the enrichment factor reached 87.3 when the pressure was 0.18 MPa and the filtration time was 240 min. Different enrichment factors could be achieved by adjusting the operating pressure and filtration time.
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