Abstract
All living and fossil salamanders known till now are primarily Laurasian and have amphicoelous or opisthocoelous vertebrae. But Cretaceous salamanders from Gondwanan continents (South America and Africa) have procoelous vertebrae. One of them, from the Maastrichtian of Bolivia, is here described as Noterpeton bolivianum gen. and sp. nov. and it is referred to a family of its own, Noterpetontidae fam. nov. It is suggested that the procoelous Gondwanan forms could represent the sister group of all the other salamanders, but no detailed phyletic study can be undertaken on the basis of the available material.
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