Abstract
In this paper, we propose a downscaling approach to improve the spatial resolution of SSS in estuarine areas using combined microwave and ocean color data. The model established a relationship between sea surface salinity (SSS) and normalized sea surface emissivity and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The model was validated by in situ measurements conducted in the East China Sea (ECS) and Mississippi River Estuary (MRE). The model showed relatively good agreement with in situ SSS measurements and illustrated enhanced SSS at high (4 km) resolution compared with low (40 km) resolution, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 1.55 psu vs 2.58 psu in the ECS and 0.39 psu vs 1.49 psu in the MRE. Overall, the proposed downscaling approach enhance the spatial resolution and accuracy of satellite SSS observations over estuarine areas, which should be helpful for ocean dynamic and biogeochemical studies in these regions.
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