Abstract
We aim at enhancing personal identity security on mobile touch-screen sensors by augmenting handwritten signatures with specific additional information at the enrollment phase. Our former works on several available and private data sets acquired on different sensors demonstrated that there are different categories of signatures that emerge automatically with clustering techniques, based on an entropy-based data quality measure. The behavior of such categories is totally different when confronted to automatic verification systems in terms of vulnerability to attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel and original strategy to reinforce identity security by enhancing signature resistance to attacks, assessed per signature category, both in terms of data quality and verification performance. This strategy operates upstream from the verification system, at the sensor level, by enriching the information content of signatures with personal handwritten inputs of different types. We study this strategy on different signature types of 74 users, acquired in uncontrolled mobile conditions on a largely deployed mobile touch-screen sensor. Our analysis per writer category revealed that adding alphanumeric (date) and handwriting (place) information to the usual signature is the most powerful augmented signature type in terms of verification performance. The relative improvement for all user categories is of at least 93% compared to the usual signature.
Highlights
The handwritten signature has been for a long time a usual mean to establish personal consent, with legal value for administrative and financial institutions
The signature with date and place (SDP) type in particular leads to a significant relative improvement of 93% at the Equal Error Rate (EER) compared to the usual signature; besides we note that the false acceptance rate (FAR) and false rejection rate (FRR) are both bounded at 1.2% and 2%, respectively
The important outcome of our study is the possibility of extending the concept of handwritten identity to other personal information than the usual signature
Summary
The handwritten signature has been for a long time a usual mean to establish personal consent, with legal value for administrative and financial institutions. With the impressive proliferation of mobile devices having embedded sensors (smartphones, tablets), added to the development of online services, signing on digital platforms has become a reality in different sectors for identity security (banking, legal transactions, e-commerce among other). This reality has signified a turning point in the field of online signature biometrics. The research community made significant efforts for acquiring several online signature corpora [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11] and conducting international evaluations of ASV systems [2,6,12,13,14,15,16]
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