Abstract
As a result of their ability to amplify input light, ultra-high quality factor (Q) whispering gallery mode optical resonators fabricated from silica have demonstrated extremely low threshold Raman lasing behavior. However, the efficiency of the lasing has been poor due to the intrinsic low Raman gain of silica (~5%). By grafting oriented monolayers of highly nonlinear organic small molecules to the surface of conventional silica whispering gallery mode optical resonators, we demonstrate a new strategy for fabricating Raman lasers. The laser efficiency is improved from 4% to over 40%. Density functional theory is performed to understand the mechanism giving rise to the improvement. This chemistry-based approach could be applied to nearly any whispering gallery mode cavity geometry to improve performance, providing a universal strategy for device performance improvement.
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