Abstract
This study explores the incorporation of local Algerian andesite and calcined marl as supplementary cementitious materials in high-performance concrete (HPC), with a special focus on the effects of heat treatment. Advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), were used for material characterization. The Sherbrooke method was utilized for mix design optimization, and thermal curing effects were critically evaluated. Key results demonstrated that both andesite and calcined marl significantly enhance HPC performance. Fresh mixtures showed excellent workability and consistent density. In the hardened state, these admixtures reduced porosity and water absorption capacity, improving durability. Heat-treated samples exhibited substantial early strength gains, while non-heat-treated samples showed superior long-term strength due to ongoing pozzolanic activity. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements confirmed the high quality of the concrete. Tomography revealed a dense pore structure and strong interfacial transition zones, contributing to overall performance. Statistical modeling using the Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology validated the experimental findings and identified optimal conditions for maximizing compressive strength. Sulfuric acid exposure tests indicated good chemical resistance, with balanced performance in maintaining residual strengths and managing weight losses. This research underscores the potential of using local andesite and calcined marl to enhance HPC, promoting sustainable construction practices in Algeria by reducing reliance on imports and utilizing regional resources. In summary, this study contributes to sustainable HPC development by demonstrating the effectiveness of local mineral admixtures. The dual benefits of heat treatment for early strength gain and non-heat-treated conditions for long-term durability offer valuable insights for optimizing HPC formulations, advancing our understanding of pozzolanic materials, and promoting environmental stewardship and economic efficiency in the construction industry.
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