Abstract
As part of a decades-long project to safeguard the viticultural biodiversity in the wine-growing district of Pitigliano (Tuscany, Italy), the research activity carried out made it possible to rediscover two valuable autochthonous grapevine varieties, otherwise doomed to extinction: Nocchianello Bianco (whiteberried) and Nocchianello Nero (black-berried). Both the cultivars were thoroughly characterized at the genetic, phenological, and ampelographic levels, as well as the yield and grape quality were evaluated. Thanks to the results obtained, Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero were officially reintroduced in the local and regional winemaking scenario, following the registration in the Italian Catalogue of Grapevine Varieties and the addition to the list of grapevine varieties suitable for cultivation in Tuscany.
Highlights
Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero are two old autochthonous grapevine varieties recovered in the area around Pitigliano (Tuscany, Italy), where an important project to preserve the viticultural genetic heritage was carried out in the last decades of the past century [1]
Exploiting the existing grapevine germplasm collection created as part of the previous recovery project [1], we recently pursued the research activity to confirm the genetic fingerprinting of Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero grape cultivars and to evaluate their ampelographic, phenological, productive, and qualitative characteristics ahead of the safeguard from extinction and a relaunch on the local winemaking scenario
According to the molecular results, Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero were confirmed as two independent genotypes with unique microsatellite profiles (Table 1), perfectly matching the reference SSR profiles already present in the CREA-VE molecular database
Summary
Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero are two old autochthonous grapevine varieties recovered in the area around Pitigliano (Tuscany, Italy), where an important project to preserve the viticultural genetic heritage was carried out in the last decades of the past century [1]. Even the production regulation of the Bianco di Pitigliano denomination of controlled origin wine, widely used in this wine district, has further helped reduce the cultivated varieties, limiting them mainly to Trebbiano Toscano, Verdello, and Malvasia Bianca Lunga [3]. Exploiting the existing grapevine germplasm collection created as part of the previous recovery project [1], we recently pursued the research activity to confirm the genetic fingerprinting of Nocchianello Bianco and Nocchianello Nero grape cultivars and to evaluate their ampelographic, phenological, productive, and qualitative characteristics ahead of the safeguard from extinction and a relaunch on the local winemaking scenario
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