Enhancement of laser-textured surface mechanochemical robustness via electromagnetic induction heating and water quenching

A new approach for pectin extraction: Electromagnetic induction heating

Mathematical and computer simulation technology of condensate oil and gas wells stimulated by electromagnetic heating

From the status and history the of electromagnetic induction heating, the concept of electromagnetic induction heating, formulas and principles are briefly analyzed. There are some overviews of some examples: the furnace based on electromagnetic induction heating; the plastic processing based on electromagnetic induction heating; the temperature control system based on electromagnetic induction heating. Through these examples, the basic situation of domestic electromagnetic induction heating is summarized. Mining engineering safety detection plays a very important role in mining engineering. A mining safety detection model is designed by using electromagnetic induction heating principle for monitoring the load and the air temperature data. This detection reference model can be used for many areas for mining safety.

When carbon composites are exposed to a transient electromagnetic field, a rapid temperature increase can be observed due to joule heating from magnetic induction. The electromagnetic induction heating and heat transfer in the composite are anisotropic and concentrated upon the carbon fiber orientation and distribution. In addition, the strength and frequency of transient electromagnetic fields have great influence on the final quality of the composite. A computational model has been developed by solving coupled Maxwell’s and heat transfer equations. The analysis accounts for the three-dimensional transient electromagnetic field and electrical conductivity of the composite material. This paper will illustrate the derived formulation and numerical solution based on finite element methods. The developed code is validated with a 2D closed-form solution. Numerical simulations of a cylinder and a flat laminated plate are conducted to illustrate the computational capability. The induction heating for composite manufacture is also discussed for current Army’s applications.

The present study deals with the determination of optimal values of operating parameters such as the temperature of heating, the mass of the plant material and the volume of water leading to the best yield of electromagnetic induction (EMI) heating extraction of Algerian Thymus fontanesii essential oil. After an appropriate choice of the three critical variables, eight experiments leaded to a mathematical model as a firstdegree polynomial presenting the response function (yield) in the relation to the operating parameters. From the retained model, we were able to calculate the average response, the different effects and their interactions. The maximum of essential oil recovery percentage relative to the initial mass of plant material was 1.69%, and was obtained at (140 ℃, 250 g and 4.5 L). The chemical composition of the Algerian T. fontanesii essential oil under the obtained optimal conditions (140 ℃, 250 g and 4.5 L), determined by GC/MS and GC/FID, reveled of the presence of major components such as: carvacrol (70.6 ± 0.1%), followed by p-cymene (8.2 ± 0.2%).

Different heating has an important influence on the efficiency of the production casting. Electromagnetic induction heating technology is a new heating technology. Metallic materials is heated itself directly through the Eddy current effect with the high-frequency electric heating principle. Because of its concentrated heat, high power density and high thermal efficiency, it has more superiority than the current conventional electric furnace heating technology. In this paper, the electromagnetic induction heating system has been designed, and this heating method is applied to the casting production. The results show that the electromagnetic induction heating is very suitable for casting production, which can greatly shorten the production time and improve productivity.

Snow and ice is one of the main problems affecting road safety in winter. In order to effectively remove the snow and ice of covering the pavement, the deicing property of asphalt mixture pavement containing steel wool fiber was introduced and investigated by electromagnetic induction heating. Based on the deicing mechanism of Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction and the Joule’s law, the influences factors affecting deicing efficiency, including length and content of steel wool fiber, ice thickness, output current and ambient temperature were analyzed. Meanwhile, the grey correlation entropy analysis and t-test between the average deicing rate and various influencing factors were explored. BP neural network prediction models of predicting change laws of average deicing rate under different influencing factors were established. The results indicate that the average deicing rate of asphalt mixture adding steel wool fiber increases with the increase of length and content of steel wool fiber. The influence degree of each factor for the average deicing rate is in order as follows: steel wool fiber content, steel wool fiber length, output current, ambient temperature and ice thickness. BP neural network has high accuracy in predicting average deicing rate under various influencing factors and the better simulation results. It is of significance to apply the technology of “electromagnetic induction heating & steel wool fiber” to the efficient deicing of asphalt pavement.

This paper investigates the potential application of a metallic waste addition obtained from the cutlery industry to improve the electrical conductivity and allow crack healing of asphalt concrete mixtures through electromagnetic induction heating. The effects of three different metallic waste content on the physical and mechanical properties of asphalt concrete mixtures have investigated. The crack healing potential by electromagnetic induction heating has been assessed in fully and partially cracked asphalt concrete specimens to simulate preventive and corrective maintenance. The crack healing potential has been evaluated through the results of load versus displacement curves obtained through SCB tests, based on a fracture-based approach by the ratio of fracture strength recovery after electromagnetic induction heating. Potential benefits such as simple mixing process and the possibility of using habitual design methods with satisfactory physical and mechanical properties can be achieved by using 10% of metallic waste by volume of bitumen added to asphalt concrete mixtures. The addition of metallic waste modified the fracture behaviour of the asphalt concrete mixtures, which indicates that after crack healing, samples may present a loss of ability to resist crack propagation. Healing indexes of 0.77 and 0.83 obtained for fully and partially cracked specimens produced with 10% of metallic waste by volume of bitumen.

Enhancing the catalytic H2 production performance of magnetic Ni-Fe2O3-C catalyst in biomass steam gasification using electromagnetic induction heating

As a promising metalwork processing technology, electromagnetic induction heating (EMIH) method has been applied in dealing with bolted flange joints in turbomachinery. In this study, a 3-D finite element model of electromagnetic induction heating system for the bolted flange joint is established, and the specific governing equations are derived based on Maxwell’s principle. The alternately-coupled magneto-thermal analysis is carried out considering temperature-dependent material properties to obtain the temperature distribution, followed with the uncoupled thermal-mechanical analysis to acquire the axial stress and deformation in EMIH process. The magnetic induction intensity mainly concentrates at the inner wall region, attenuates seriously along the radial direction, and reduces to almost zero at the outer wall. Due to the skin effect, the heat transfers radially and axially outward, indicating a diamondlike-shaped development from the center to the surrounding region. The axial stress with and without initial pretension are also discussed respectively. Then the corresponding experiments are introduced and carried out to validate the reliability of numerical simulation results. By comparing the results of the center point of inner surface and outer surface, the numerical simulation is proved reliable with a 5∼10% reasonable deviation. Further, the induction heating process has been improved through the optimization method based on pattern search algorithm. By adopting the stepped input current density optimized in the study, the optimal thermal stress tends to be constant and the final heating time reduces by 20.5% in the safe range of stress.

Study on microstructure evolution and nanoindentation characteristics of 316 L austenitic stainless steel with inverse gradient grain sizes fabricated via torsion and electro-magnetic induction heating

Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of 65Mn tape-steel via electromagnetic induction heating

Electromagnetic induction heating is a newly developed disinfection method aimed at improving periprosthetic infection outcomes after Debridement and Implant Retention (DAIR). One safety concern is its effect over polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The objective of this in-vitro study is to assess such effect on cement adjacent to metallic arthroplasty components. Two different PMMA products, with and without antibiotic, were applied on three total-knee arthroplasty implants. A portable device was used to administer induction-heating protocols: 70 °C, 3.5 min and 100 °C, 3.5 min, while the third prosthesis served as control. The 602 cm-1 and 558 cm-1 bands in Raman spectroscopy were used to assess isotactic and syndiotactic components of PMMA, while 1339 cm-1, 1295 cm-1 and 882 cm-1 bands in infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to assess crystallinity. Isotactic/syndiotactic ratios were 0.27(±0.02) for antibiotic-free cement, and 0.41(±0.02) for gentamicin-loaded cement. After induction-heating protocols, isotactic fraction increased in antibiotic-free cement, and decreased in gentamicin-loaded cement. No evidence of crystallization was found in ATR-FTIR, except for a small increase in 1340 cm-1 band after 100 °C protocol. Spectroscopic techniques confirmed that PMMA only experienced minor structural changes after induction heating treatments. From a structural viewpoint, these results suggest that electromagnetic induction heating could be a safe disinfection technique for cemented implants in total knee arthroplasty.

It is well established that microwaves can heat ceramics for processing applications, but considerably less attention has been given to the use of high frequency radiation for the processing of silicon wafers. There are many aspects of semiconductor processing that require heating, including dopant or ohmic contact interdiffusion, implantation damage annealing, and wafer bonding. Conventionally, the wafers are heated in furnaces or halogen lamp Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) chambers. An alternative, electromagnetic induction heating (EMIH), uses radio (RF) and microwave radiation to rapidly (125C/s) and volumetrically heat silicon wafers to temperatures in excess of 1000C. In contrast to conventional (heat lamp) RTP, which heats through surface absorption, EMIH has the advantage of heating throughout the material. The presence of insulating layers, most notably thick oxides (several hundred nanometers) on the surface of the wafer, do not inhibit rapid heating since the wave transmits through the insulator and directly into the silicon. Conventional RTP, due to its dependence on surface absorption, may have trouble rapidly heating through this insulating layer. Furthermore, the volumetric nature of the heating makes it attractive for low thermal budget microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications [1] which may require rapid heating well below the wafer surface. Because of this, EMIH has found applications in ultra shallow junction formation [2], direct silicon bonding for MEMS applications [1], and direct silicon bonding for silicon on insulator technology [1].

Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi-SMA) implants might allow modulating fracture healing, changing their stiffness through alteration of both elastic modulus and cross-sectional shape by employing the shape memory effect (SME). Hypotheses: a novel NiTi-SMA plate stabilizes tibia osteotomies in rabbits. After noninvasive electromagnetic induction heating the alloy exhibits the SME and the plate changes towards higher stiffness (inverse dynamization) resulting in increased fixation stiffness and equal or better bony healing. In 14 rabbits, 1.0 mm tibia osteotomies were fixed with our experimental plate. Animals were randomised for control or induction heating at three weeks postoperatively. Repetitive X-ray imaging and in vivo measurements of bending stiffness were performed. After sacrifice at 8 weeks, macroscopic evaluation, µCT, and post mortem bending tests of the tibiae were carried out. One death and one early implant dislocation occurred. Following electromagnetic induction heating, radiographic and macroscopic changes of the implant proved successful SME activation. All osteotomies healed. In the treatment group, bending stiffness increased over time. Differences between groups were not significant. In conclusion, we demonstrated successful healing of rabbit tibia osteotomies using our novel NiTi-SMA plate. We demonstrated shape-changing SME in-vivo through transcutaneous electromagnetic induction heating. Thus, future orthopaedic implants could be modified without additional surgery.