Abstract
Perfluorinated graded-index polymer optical fibers (PFGI-POFs), fabricated by replacing the hydrogen atoms of standard polymethyl methacrylate-based POFs with fluorine atoms, have been extensively studied due to their relatively low propagation loss even at telecommunication wavelength. Recently, Brillouin scattering, which is one of the most significant nonlinear effects in optical fibers, has been successfully observed in PFGI-POFs at 1.55-μm wavelength. The Brillouin Stokes signal was, however, not large enough for practical applications or for detailed investigations of the Brillouin properties. In this paper, we review our recent work on Stokes signal enhancement. First, we induce stimulated Brillouin scattering based on the so-called pump-probe technique, and discuss its applicability to temperature sensors. Then, we investigate the influence of the core diameter and length of PFGI-POFs on Stokes signal, and observe the Brillouin linewidth narrowing effect. We believe our work is an important technological step toward the implementation of practical Brillouin-based devices and systems including distributed strain and temperature sensors.
Highlights
Polymer optical fibers (POFs) [1,2] have attracted considerable attention for the past several decades due to their extremely easy and cost-effective connection, high safety, and high flexibility [3] compared to conventional glass fibers
The POFs used in the experiment were cyclic transparent optical polymer (CYTOP)-based perfluorinated graded-index (PFGI-) POFs, which are fabricated by replacing the hydrogen atoms of standard polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based POFs with fluorine atoms
The 3-dB bandwidth of the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) measured in this experiment was about 160 MHz, but further research is needed on the bandwidth because it is dependent on the time constant of the lock-in amplifier (LI-A) (Note that, when the time constant was shorter than 10 ms, the BGS was distorted)
Summary
Polymer optical fibers (POFs) [1,2] have attracted considerable attention for the past several decades due to their extremely easy and cost-effective connection, high safety, and high flexibility [3] compared to conventional glass fibers. For the purpose of improving the performance of these applications, Brillouin scattering has been investigated in silica single-mode fibers (SMFs) and in some specialty fibers. The POFs used in the experiment were cyclic transparent optical polymer (CYTOP)-based perfluorinated graded-index (PFGI-) POFs, which are fabricated by replacing the hydrogen atoms of standard polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based POFs with fluorine atoms. Their detailed structure and fabrication method are well summarized in [29]. Their Brillouin gain coefficient was estimated to be approximately 3.09 × 10−11 m/W, which was almost the same as that of silica SMFs, indicating that
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