Abstract
A large number of factors can alter rates of drug metabolism. This re view wiII discuss the enhancement and inhibition of drug metabolism. By enhancement is meant that increase in rate of in vitro drug metabolism ob served following the inclusion of other drugs or chemicals in the reaction mixture. This term should be distinguished from the enzyme induction re sulting from treatment of the intact animal with other drugs or hydrocar bons. Inhibition of drug metabolism, as used in this review, refers to the blockage of metabolism of one drug by another at the enzymic site. This restriction excludes those agents that reduce rates of drug metabolism by mechanisms other than competition at enzymic sites, such as treatment with carbon tetrachloride (1), morphine (2) , thyroxine (3) , and others. In addi tion, the review wiII be restricted to hepatic microsomal mixed function oxi dases; enhancement and inhibition of hydrolytic, reductive, and conjugative pathways will not be considered.
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