Abstract
An ideal radiosensitizer holding an enhanced tumor retention can play an incredible role in enhancing tumor radiotherapy. Herein, a strategy of acid‐triggered aggregation of small‐sized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) system within tumor is proposed and the resulting GNPs aggregates are applied as a radiosensitizer in vitro and in vivo. The GNPs system with the acid‐triggered aggregation achieves an enhanced GNPs accumulation and retention in cancer cells and tumors in the form of the resulted GNPs aggregates. As a consequence, the radiosensitization effect shows significant improvement in cancer radiotherapy, which is shown in the studies of DNA breakage and the comet assay, and the sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER) value of the GNPs system (1.730) with MCF‐7 cancer cells is much larger than that of the single GNPs (1.16). In vivo antitumor studies reveal that the GNPs system also enhances the sensitivity of MCF‐7 tumor xenograft to radiotherapy. Furthermore, the GNPs aggregates improve the signal of small GNPs in vivo photoacoustic imaging. This study provides a new strategy and insights into fabricating nanoaggregates to magnify the radiosensitive efficiency of nanosystems in cancer radiotherapy.
Highlights
An ideal radiosensitizer holding an enhanced tumor retention can play an of radiation resistance of cancer cells, which could remarkably lower the radioincredible role in enhancing tumor radiotherapy
This study provides a new strategy and insights into fabricating nanoaggregates to magnify the radiosensitive efficiency of nanosystems in cancer radiotherapy
After preparing the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) system, we investigated its property of acid-triggered aggregation in vitro
Summary
An ideal radiosensitizer holding an enhanced tumor retention can play an of radiation resistance of cancer cells, which could remarkably lower the radioincredible role in enhancing tumor radiotherapy. The SER10 value of GNPs system (1.730) was much higher than that of aggregation-induced emission luminogen (1.62), and higher than that of GNPs (1.62), gold nanospikes (1.37), and gold nanorods (1.21) in the published works.[19,20] These data suggested that the SER10 value of GNPs was significantly improved because of the acid-triggered aggregation of GNPs system.[17,19] this enhanced inhibition efficiency for colony formation of GNPs system showed concentrationdependent manner (Figure S13, Supporting information).
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