Abstract
Ferroelectric BaTiO3 is widely used in capacitors, but the low Curie temperature limits a further use of BaTiO3. In this work we present an aqueous chemical solution deposition (CSD) route for BaTiO3 thin films, demonstrating that organic solvents are not required for CSD. Textured BaTiO3 thin films were deposited on SrTiO3 substrates. The in-plane dielectric properties were investigated using interdigitated electrodes and ferroelectric switching was observed up to 160±5 °C. The increased Curie temperature is proposed to result from thermal strain due to a mismatch in thermal expansion coefficient between the film and the substrate, and is in good agreement with the theory of strain engineering in BaTiO3. Finally, the decomposition and crystallization of BaTiO3 during thermal treatment were determined by the combination of thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of powder prepared from the solution.
Highlights
BaTiO3 is widely used in capacitors due to its high dielectric constant, but it is of interest for optical modulators, ferroelectric memory, as well as other devices that seek to utilize the ferroelectric properties inherent to this material.[1,2,3,4] Several of these potential applications require thin films for miniature devices
Replacing the organic solvents with water would be beneficial, but to the best of the authors knowledge no reports of BaTiO3 thin films or powder fabricated by aqueous wet chemical methods have appeared in the literature so far
The out-of-plane lattice parameter is found to be 4.000±0.005 Å based on the (200) reflection, which is close to the unit cell a-parameter at 3.992 Å for bulk BaTiO3
Summary
BaTiO3 is widely used in capacitors due to its high dielectric constant, but it is of interest for optical modulators, ferroelectric memory, as well as other devices that seek to utilize the ferroelectric properties inherent to this material.[1,2,3,4] Several of these potential applications require thin films for miniature devices. Processing of thin films via chemical solution deposition (CSD) is attractive due to its low cost, ease of fabrication and scalability Wet chemical methods such as CSD are versatile tools for materials research as it is easy to adjust the chemical composition of the solution in order to study the effect of chemical substitution or dopants. For these reasons several reports on CSD of BaTiO3 thin films have appeared.[5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] Common for all previous studies is the reliance on organic solvents, which are in general irritants or toxic, and are costly to handle. Replacing the organic solvents with water would be beneficial, but to the best of the authors knowledge no reports of BaTiO3 thin films or powder fabricated by aqueous wet chemical methods have appeared in the literature so far
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