Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the anti-cancer effect of Orthosiphon stamineus leaf extract on MCF-7 cells. Ethyl acetate extract of the plant was eluted and pooled into 6 fractions based on their Rf values and the fractions were tested for cytotoxicity. Fraction 3 was found effective (IC50 = 28.5 µL/mL) and was subjected to LC-MS analysis which indicated the presence of biochanin, eleutherol and cinnamic acid. Further, cytotoxic effect of the fraction was confirmed in terms of nucleolin, bcl2, bax and cytochrome c expression in MCF-7 cells through RT-PCR where a marked decrease in nucleolin, bcl2 and increase in bax and cytochrome c were observed. The presence of eleutherol, a well-known anti-oxidant and anti-cancer agent, has been reported for the first time in O. stamineus. The anti-cancer activity of O. stamineus may be due to the presence of elutherol and cinnamic acid.
 Video Clip of Methodology:
 LC-MS analysis of Orthosiphon stamineus extract: 7 min 33 sec Full Screen Alternate
Highlights
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors (Ferlay et al, 2012)
F3 was subjected to LC-MS analysis, presence of isoflavaones- biochanin, eleutherol-napthofuran, and cinnamic acid which were detected in LC/MS/MS analysis (Figure 2)
Phytochemical investigation on ethyl acetate fraction 3 of the O. stamineus led to the identification of a complex mixture of flavonoids predominantly containing biochanin A-O-rhamnoside, eleutherol and cinnamic acido-hexoside
Summary
Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors (Ferlay et al, 2012). Though there are rapid advancements in the field of medicine still an effective treatment for breast cancer is yet to be found.Extracts from the plant in the form of pure compounds or standardized extract which is the natural product offer plenty of opportunities to discover new drug due to the availability of diverse chemical (Cosa et al, 2006). To verify the efficacy of bioactive compounds clinical trials are necessary, where some of the medicinal plants like Catharanthus roseus, Pleurotus eous (Xu et al, 2015), Taxus baccata and Bleekeria vitensis (Saravanan et al, 2014) were found to have a positive effect on breast cancer. Orthosiphon stamineus Benth (Family Lamiaceae) is distributed plant all over Africa and Southeast Asia (Awale et al, 2002). It is a well-known perennial herb and is used in the treatment of various diseases like influenza, jaundice, epilepsy, fever, edema, diabetes and hypertension (Ho et al, 2010)
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