Abstract
All-ceramic restoration has become a popular technology for dental restoration; however, the relative bond strength between the ceramic and resin limits its further application. Long-term high bond strength, especially after thermal cycling, is of great importance for effective restoration. The effect of physical and/or chemical surface treatments on bonding durability is seldom reported. To overcome this problem, we investigate the bond strength between lithium disilicate ceramics (LDC) and two kinds of resin cements before and after thermal cycling for a variety of surface treatments including hydrofluoric acid, two kinds of silane and a combined effect. The shear bond strength in every group is characterized by universal mechanical testing machine averaged by sixteen-time measurements. The results show that when treated with HF and a mixed silane, the LDC surface shows maximum bonding strengths of 27.1 MPa and 23.3 MPa with two different resin cements after 5000 thermal cycling, respectively, indicating an excellent ability to resist the damage induced by cyclic expansion and contraction. This long-term high bond strength is attributed to the combined effect of micromechanical interlocking (physical bonding) and the formation of Si-O-Si and -C-C- at the interface (chemical bonding). This result offers great potential for enhancing bond strength for all-ceramic restoration by optimizing the surface treatment.
Highlights
All-ceramic restoration has become a popular technology to meet the increasing requirements of dental restoration [1,2]
Our previous studies reported that HCl favored the hydrolyzation of 3-MPS and that a mixed silane of 1,2-Bis(trimethoxysilyl) ethane (BTE) and 3-MPS could significantly enhance the adhesion between the resin and ceramic [23,24,25,26]
We investigated the effect of a variety of physical and chemical surface treatments on the bond strength between lithium disilicate ceramics (LDC) and resin cements before and after thermal cycling (TC)
Summary
All-ceramic restoration has become a popular technology to meet the increasing requirements of dental restoration [1,2]. Our previous studies reported that HCl favored the hydrolyzation of 3-MPS and that a mixed silane of 1,2-Bis(trimethoxysilyl) ethane (BTE) and 3-MPS could significantly enhance the adhesion between the resin and ceramic [23,24,25,26] This universal adhesive resin cement (Panavia F 2.0) contains a phosphate ester monomer, 10-methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP), which is effective in establishing a relatively stable chemical bonding with the ceramic. This resin cement offers great potential to improve bond strength at the interface between the ceramic and dentin [27,28] Both physical interlocking and chemical bonding can decrease along with cyclic expansion and contraction at high and low temperatures. The bond durability between LDC and resin and systems controlled by different treatments has been seldom reported
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