Abstract
Surface icing significantly impacts equipment operation and safety in low-temperature environments. Passive de-icing technologies using superhydrophobic materials are gaining attention for their environmental and cost benefits. This study presents a novel superhydrophobic F-L@KH-SiO2/OTMS coating, fabricated through femtosecond laser etching of aluminum alloy to create bionic micro-nano lattice structures. Subsequently, a hydrophobic epoxy coating was sprayed as an adhesive layer, followed by chemical modification of the ablated aluminum alloy surface using 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (KH570) modified silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), and octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) as hydrophobizing agents. The resulting coating exhibits excellent superhydrophobic properties, with a contact angle (CA) of 165.92° and a sliding angle (SA) of only 1.25°. The coating demonstrated superior anti-adhesion and bouncing capabilities, effectively preventing droplet freezing and ice formation, which is attributed to the synergistic effect of the modified silica and the cross-linked lattice structure. Compared to other reported superhydrophobic surfaces, this coating showed a longer freezing delay time of 730 s at −20 °C. These findings highlight the potential of the F-L@KH-SiO2/OTMS coating for efficient anti-icing, de-icing, and defrosting applications.
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