Abstract
Not all regions of the world have access to advanced means of analysis, such as molecular or quantitative genetics. In the absence of these or other means of selection, phenotypic analyses are used for breed differentiation as well as to evaluate productive aptitude. The objective of this work is to characterize morphometric variables and zoometric indices, as well as the morphological and phaneroptic characterization, of the Guaymi Creole cattle in conservation centers in Panama. The study included all available Guaymi creoles (98 females and 27 males) aged ≥ 3 years. The results indicate that the Guaymi breed has sexual dimorphism, little heterogeneity, and characteristics appropriate for areas where there is limited quality forage. The characteristics of the Guaymi breed correspond to a dolichocephalic profile, a longilineal and brachypelvic type. The indexes characterize it as having poteintial milk and meat-type aptitude, so it can be considered dual-purpose cattle in the absence of a directed selection program. The morphological characteristics are similar to those of Bos taurus breeds from Ibero-America and Africa. Key words: Livestock, biodiversity, conservation, creoles.
Highlights
The presence of cattle in Central America and in the Americas dates back at least to the year 1521, when the Spanish crown agreed to the request of Pedrarias Davila, founder of Panama City and Governor of Castilla del Oro, to import 50 cattle and other supplies from the island of Santiago, currently Jamaica (Archivo General de Indias, 1521)
Intermediate Coefficient of variation (CV) were found for RL, circumference of cannon (CC), chest depth (CD), and RW (9.41 to 11.90)
High CVs were found for bicostal diameter (BCD), neck length (NL), and Live weight (LW) (17.67, 20.9, and 22.3)
Summary
The presence of cattle in Central America and in the Americas dates back at least to the year 1521, when the Spanish crown agreed to the request of Pedrarias Davila, founder of Panama City and Governor of Castilla del Oro, to import 50 cattle and other supplies from the island of Santiago, currently Jamaica (Archivo General de Indias, 1521). These animals entered through Darien, where they did not adapt well, but they reproduced very well in the cities of Panama, Natá, and Remedios.
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