Abstract
Seed storage protein profiles of 10 members of the family Fabaceae were assessed using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Total seed storage protein of the studied plants resolved on 10% SDS polyacrylamide gels showed variations in their banding pattern. Results of SDS-PAGE pattern also revealed a band common to all the plant species studied which suggests that this band could be tagged as generic band among members of Fabaceae. The maximum genetic affinity of 0.93 was observed between Vigna subterranea and Arachis hypogaea , while minimum genetic affinity of 0.32 was observed between Senna siamea and Albizia lebbeck which further reveal wide genetic diversity among the studied plant species. This observation also suggested that V. subterranea (Bambara groundnut) and A. hypogaea (groundnut) are genetically very close and should be put together taxonomically. Nineteen (19) major bands were recorded and only S. siamea had two specific bands which indicate that these two bands could be used to distinguish this species from other legumes considered in this study. It could be concluded that SDS-protein electrophoresis is an important tool for genetic analysis and this protocol has revealed a considerable amount of genetic diversity among the 10 studied plant species for their discrimination. Keywords: Fabaceae, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), storage protein, genetic affinity, electrophoresis African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol 13(31) 3730-3735
Highlights
Legumes are among the three largest families of flowering plants
Javaid et al (2004) reported that the diversity observed in protein profiles and seed storage proteins have
The patterns of protein in the 10 studied members of Fabaceae is shown in Plate 1
Summary
The group is the third-largest land plant family, after Orchidaceae and Asteraceae, with 730 genera and over 19,400 species comprising herbs, shrubs, trees and climbers. Members if this family include a number of important agricultural crops like Glycine max (soybean), Phaseolus vulgaris (beans), Pisum sativum (pea), Cicer arietinum (chickpeas), Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Arachis hypogaea (groundnut), Ceratonia siliqua (carob), and Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice). Legumes are useful as human and animal food, as wood and soil-improving components of agricultural and agroforestry system. This large family is divided into three subfamilies - the Mimosoideae, Caesalpinoideae and Faboideae. Javaid et al (2004) reported that the diversity observed in protein profiles and seed storage proteins have
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