Abstract
A total of 842 spore-forming strains were isolated from 221 animal feces samples, in which a new feather-degrading bacterium identified as Bacillus sp. 50-3 based on morphological, biochemical and 16S rDNA tests was isolated from Calotes versicolor (an agamid lizard) feces. The bacterium can degrade native feather completely at mild conditions and in much shorter time (36 h) when using chicken feather as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. It presented optimum growth and maximum keratinase activity (680±25 U/ml, 36 h) at 37°C and pH 7.0 in feather meal medium. The keratinase of Bacillus sp. 50-3 was active on feather keratin as substrate and presented optimum additive quantity of 1.0% (w/v). So the high efficiency of Bacillus sp. 50-3 on feather-degradation suggested its potential use in biotechnological processes, especially in decreasing the environment pollution. Key words: Animal feces, Bacillus, chicken feathers, keratinase, optimum conditions.
Highlights
The micro-organisms and their enzymes play an important role in improving the industrial process
A total of 842 spore-forming strains were isolated from 221 animal feces samples, in which a new feather-degrading bacterium identified as Bacillus sp. 50-3 based on morphological, biochemical and 16S rDNA tests was isolated from Calotes versicolor feces
Bacillus species are attractive industrial organisms because of their high growth rates leading to short fermentation cycle times; their capacity to secrete proteins into the extracellular medium and the GRAS status by the food and drug administration for species, such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (Marcus et al, 2004)
Summary
The micro-organisms and their enzymes play an important role in improving the industrial process. Study on isolating new enzymes and new enzyme-producing strains used in the industrial conversions are significant. Bacillus species are attractive industrial organisms because of their high growth rates leading to short fermentation cycle times; their capacity to secrete proteins into the extracellular medium and the GRAS (generally regarded as safe) status by the food and drug administration for species, such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (Marcus et al, 2004). A need to find the new strains and enzymes that can be applied in the biotechnological processes involving keratincontaining wastes from poultry and leather industries, especially in the development of non-polluting processes (Onifade et al, 1998; Shih, 1993; Wang et al, 2007). Some features, such as growth conditions, keratinase producing conditions were determined
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