Abstract
Jatropha is a drought-tolerant plant producing seed oil for the biodiesel. Limitation to the development of jatropha is unavailability of high-yielding varieties and efficient in vitro regeneration system which is required for micropropagation. In this study, in vitro regeneration system from jatropha juvenile cotyledon was established. Firstly, concentrations of hormones in the MS medium were optimized and it was found that 1.5 mgL-1 benzyl adenine (BA) + 0.05 mgL-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 0.5 mgL-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) turned out to be the best for shoot induction (3.82 ± 0.18 shoots/explant). Secondly, shoot induction medium was fortified with different concentrations of glutamine and adenine sulfate. It was found that 25 mgL-1 each of glutamine and adenine sulfate was the most effective, resulting to 9.09 ± 0.37 shoots/explant and 93.0% regeneration frequency. Regenerated shoots were cultured on medium containing 0.5 mgL-1 BA and different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3), 0.5 mgL-1 GA3 with 0.5 mgL-1 BA were found to be the best for shoot elongation (2.13 ± 0.18 cm). The highest frequency of root (40%) was observed on the medium with 0.5 mgL-1 IBA. The established procedures will be useful for the mass propagation and genetic transformation of elite jatropha genotypes. Key words: Adenine sulfate (Ads), benzyl adenine (BA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), in vitro regeneration, glutamine (Gln).
Highlights
Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is a potent biofuel crop native to Mexico and Central America and now is distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions (Kumar and Tewari, 2015)
The results showed that benzyl adenine (BA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) affected the shoot regeneration with 0.5 mgL-1 TDZ, and the combination of 1.5 mgL-1 BA and 0.05 mgL-1 IBA was the most effective in regenerating shoots from calli (3.82 ± 0.18 shoots/explant) (Table 1 and Figure 1c, d)
This finding was similar to previous results reported by Chiangmai et al (2015), Nanasato et al (2015) and Fufa et al (2019)
Summary
Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is a potent biofuel crop native to Mexico and Central America and now is distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions (Kumar and Tewari, 2015). Jatropha plant is propagated through asexual methods and by seeds, and seed yield and oil content varies significantly (Jha et al, 2007). Cuttings propagation of jatropha can be carried out for maintaining true to type genotypes, but the produced plants do not have deep roots and the quality is not sufficient to meet the growing demand of J. curcas (Heller, 1996; Openshaw, 2000). An efficient in vitro regeneration for mass production of disease free and true to type jatropha genotypes is desirable. It can propagate superior genotypes and contributes to plant improvement through the application of biotechnological techniques
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