Abstract
A coagulation–flocculation process was used to treat water-based printing ink wastewater with aluminum sulphate {Al2(SO4)3} as coagulant and with Praestol as flocculant. To minimize turbidity and sludge volume index (SVI), the experiments were carried out using jar tests and response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize this process. A central composite design, which is the standard design of RSM, was used to evaluate the effects and interactions of three factors, that is, coagulant dosage, flocculant dosage and pH on the treatment efficiency. The optimal conditions obtained from the desirable response, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, were coagulant dosage of 8250 mgl-1, flocculant dosage of 80 mgl-1 and pH 7.25, respectively. The RSM was demonstrated as an appropriate approach for the optimization of the coagulation–flocculation process by confirmation experiments. Key words: Printing ink industry effluent, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, response surface methodology, coagulation-flocculation process.
Highlights
With the rapid development of industries in Tunisia, the swift increase of variety and dosage of industrial wastewater leads to the increasing complexity of components in effluent and makes polluted water more difficult to be treated than before
This work has demonstrated the application of response surface methodology (RSM) in seeking optimal conditions for this process with respect to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal
The results showed that the three factors considered in this study played an important role on removal efficiency of COD
Summary
With the rapid development of industries in Tunisia, the swift increase of variety and dosage of industrial wastewater leads to the increasing complexity of components in effluent and makes polluted water more difficult to be treated than before. Coagulation–flocculation is widely used for wastewater treatment, as it is efficient and simple to operate (Walsh et al, 2009; Ahmad et al, 2007). In this process, many factors can influence its efficiency, such as the type and dosage of coagulant/flocculant (Nandy et al, 2003), pH (Dominguez et al, 2005), mixing speed and time (Gurse et al, 2003), temperature and retention time (Zhu et al, 2004), etc
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