Abstract
Eight cellulose degrading bacteria were isolated from compost and were identified as Bacillus licheniformis by 16S rRNA sequencing. Among the eight isolates, Bacillus licheniformis B4, B7 and B8 showed the highest cellulase activity. B. licheniformis B4 and B8 showed the maximum cellulase activity during the stationary phase of growth; but for B7, the maximum activity of cellulase was observed during the log phase. Reducing sugar released in the media, increased with increasing cellulase activity for all the three isolates. Significant correlation was observed between cellulase activity and protein content. The crude cellulase from B7 strain showed activity towards carboxymethyl cellulose and filter paper, but there was no detectable activity towards p-nitrophenyl- β-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG). The crude cellulase of B. licheniformis B7 exhibited maximum activity at 50°C and at pH 6 to 7. Key words: Bacillus licheniformis, 16S rRNA, cellulase, reducing sugar, compost, viscosity.
Highlights
Accumulation of municipal solid waste is becoming a serious problem in all developing countries (Al-Khatib et al, 2015)
Compost was selected as a source for the isolation of cellulase producing bacteria, because the organic content in compost is mainly made up of cellulose and the temperature during composting was 50°C and above
All the compost samples were positive for cellulolytic bacteria by forming
Summary
Accumulation of municipal solid waste is becoming a serious problem in all developing countries (Al-Khatib et al, 2015). The inadequate treatment of municipal solid waste causes a serious threat to the environment (Pin-Jing, 2012). Cellulosic wastes such as paper, wood, agricultural residues and cardboard constitute a major component of municipal solid waste. Improper management of these wastes contaminates air, soil and water. Most of the carbon dioxide and methane are produced from biodegradable cellulosic wastes such as wood, leaves, other agricultural residues and waste papers Recycling of such cellulosic wastes can decrease the greenhouse effect (Kazaragis, 2005) and these can be used as one of the main renewable sources of energy (Zhou et al, 2015)
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