Abstract
In recent years, Sb has received increased attention from regulatory agencies and the need for a reliable treatment technology for antimony-containing waters is necessary. Unfortunately, antimony is difficult to remove to the very low levels required. Adsorbents which have proven successful for the removal of arsenic have been disappointing when applied to Sb treatment. In the current investigation, a number of conventional media were tested at the bench-scale and in the full-scale system, including: Severn Trent E33 Bayoxide®, Severn Trent Omni-SORB TM greensands, activated carbon, and Dow ADSORBSIA TM , a proprietary TiO2 media. Each media was tested using pretreatment oxidation with sodium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite, and the TiO2 was tested under varying pH conditions. Pre-oxidation with sodium hypochlorite followed by greensands and TiO2 media was found to be the most effective and long lasting of the combinations tested. The results of the column and full-scale tests along with an evaluation of the removal mechanisms using electron microprobe analyses will be presented.
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