Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of water stress and non-stress conditions on cotton yield and fiber quality properties. A two-year field study was carried out at the Southeastern Anatolia Agricultural Research Institute (SAARI), in 2009 and 2010, with the aim of evaluating 12 cotton genotypes for yield and fiber quality properties under irrigated and water stress conditions. The experiment was laid out as a randomized split block design (RSBD) with four replications. Significant differences were observed among genotypes and water treatments for seed cotton yield, fiber yield, ginning percentage and all fiber quality properties except fiber uniformity. Yield differences among genotypes under water stress and non-stress conditions were higher during the first season. In both years, SER-18 and Stoneville 468 cotton genotypes produced higher yield under water stress conditions, while Stoneville 468 produced higher yield under well-irrigated conditions. The results during the two years indicated that seed cotton yield decreased (48.04%) and fiber yield decreased (49.41%), due to water stress. Ginning percentage and fiber quality properties were also negatively affected by water stress treatment. Fiber length, fiber strength, fiber fineness and fiber elongation were decreased, while fiber uniformity was not affected by water stress treatment.
Highlights
Water stress is the most important factor limiting crop productivity and adversely affects fruit production, square and boll shedding, lint yield and fiber quality properties in cotton (El-Zik and Thaxton, 1989)
Significant differences were obtained among genotypes and treatments for seed cotton yield, fiber yield, ginning percentage and all fiber technological properties, except fiber uniformity
The effect of year was significant for seed cotton yield, fiber yield, ginning percentage, fiber length and fiber elongation
Summary
Water stress is the most important factor limiting crop productivity and adversely affects fruit production, square and boll shedding, lint yield and fiber quality properties in cotton (El-Zik and Thaxton, 1989). Previous studies revealed that 2 to 4°C increase in temperature and the expected 30% decrease in precipitation may adversely affect crop productivity and water availability by the year 2050 (Ben-Asher et al, 2007). Cotton lint yield is generally reduced because of reduced boll production, primarily because of fewer flowers and because of increased boll abortions when the stress is extreme and when it occurs during reproductive growth (Grimes and Yamada, 1982; McMichael and Hesketh, 1982; Turner et al, 1986; Gerik et al, 1996; Pettigrew, 2004a; Pettigrew, 2004b). Cotton lint yield is generally reduced because of reduced boll production, primarily because of fewer flowers and because of increased boll abortions when the stress is extreme and when it occurs during reproductive growth (Grimes and Yamada, 1982; McMichael and Hesketh, 1982; Turner et al, 1986; Gerik et al, 1996; Pettigrew, 2004a; Pettigrew, 2004b). Cook and El-Zik (1992) revealed significant
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