Abstract
Sucrose, the most commonly used carbon source in conventional in vitro culture, and limited air exchange in the culture containers are factors that affect the growth of in vitro-cultured plants. They may induce physiological disorders and decrease the survival rate of plants after transfer to ex vitro conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of gas exchange and sucrose concentration on Billbergia zebrina plantlets during in vitro propagation. In vitro-established B. zebrina plantlets were transferred to culture media containing 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60 g L-1 sucrose. Two different culture-container sealing systems were compared: lids with a filter (permitting gas exchange) and lids with no filter (blocking fluent gas exchange). Carbohydrate and chlorophyll (Chl a+b) concentrations were analyzed in plantlets at 45-days of culture. The addition of sucrose to the medium reduced the Chl a+b concentration in the plantlets. On the other hand, additional sucrose had a positive effect on the carbohydrate stock formation of the plantlets. The results showed that a photoautotrophic system (air exchange and a sugar-free medium) improves the in vitro propagation of B. zebrina without creating physiological disorders. Key words: Bromeliad, In vitro plant, photoautotrophic growth, physiological disorders, sucrose.
Highlights
Plant micropropagation is the most common method used for the large-scale cloning of several horticultural crops, such as bulbous plants, fruit trees, and ornamentals
The results showed that a photoautotrophic system improves the in vitro propagation of B. zebrina without creating physiological disorders
Chlorophyll a+b (Chl a+b) levels decreased as the sucrose concentration rose, and this was independent of the sealing system (Figure 1)
Summary
Plant micropropagation is the most common method used for the large-scale cloning of several horticultural crops, such as bulbous plants, fruit trees, and ornamentals. Billbergia zebrina (Herbert) Lindley is an epiphytic tank bromeliad native to the Atlantic Rainforest of Brazil The application of plant tissue culture techniques to in vitro propagation of bromeliads has been reported previously (Huang et al, 2011; Martins et al, 2014; Resende et al, 2016; Viehmannova et al, 2016) Most of these studies are related to the use of plant growth regulators as major modulators of in vitro morphogenetic responses. Multiplication and rooting are strongly controlled by external plant growth regulators (Van Dijck et al, 1988)
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