Abstract
The forest cover in Poland reaches almost 30% of the country’s area. Polish forests are characterized by high biodiversity. Unfortunately, in recent years, the forests of Central Europe have been affected by climate change problems, in particular meteorological drought. In Poland, even those stands which consist of species that were widely recognized as drought tolerant and easily adaptable to environmental changes are beginning to die. The article presents engineering methods applicable to forest environment protection, largely developed at the University of Life Sciences in Poznań and implemented by the State Forests—National Forest Holding in Poland, to minimize the effects of drought. Among the issues raised are ways to protect forests against fires, modern technologies for fire road surface construction and small-scale water retention in forests. A comprehensive solution to problems related to progressive drought is a must. Scientists and foresters are observing the dying of large areas of stands and, at the same time, intensification of wildlife migration due to the search for new habitats as a consequence of the drought. Therefore, the issue of building animal crossings during the current dynamic expansion of the road network in Poland has also been presented in the paper. Another subject pointed to in the text is forest tourism. Forests provide opportunities for recreation and rest to society. However, the increasing tourist pressure in some regions may cause adverse environmental effects. Finally, the paper shows some examples of supporting forest environment protection using remote sensing techniques. Generally, the aim of the paper is to present experiences and comprehensive solutions implemented in Poland.
Highlights
At present, the forested area in Poland exceeds 9.2 million ha and is steadily increasing, from 21%of the country’s land area in 1945 to 29.6% currently [1]
The article presents some significant research achievements enabling the protection of the forest environment and storms), often with catastrophic, cooperation between forest sustainable management of Polish effects forests in conditions prolonged drought observed in Poland
The article presents some significant research achievements enabling the protection of the forest environment and sustainable management of Polish forests in conditions of prolonged drought observed in Poland
Summary
The forested area in Poland exceeds 9.2 million ha and is steadily increasing, from 21%. The article presents some significant research achievements enabling the protection of the forest environment and storms), often with catastrophic (floods, fires,oflandslides), cooperation between forest sustainable management of Polish effects forests in conditions prolonged drought observed in Poland. The article presents some significant research achievements enabling the protection of the forest environment and sustainable management of Polish forests in conditions of prolonged drought observed in Poland. The natural river regime and hydrologic conditions in river valleys have been disturbed These factors influenced the change of conditions of growth and development of natural riverine forests, caused a process of vegetation transformation in many locations, and, in consequence, an increase of vulnerability to pests, diseases and drought [46,47,48,49].
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