Engineering management of desalination plants in Saudi Arabia using fuzzy decision analysis

Multiattribute decision analysis of desalination plant engineering management options with applications to Saudi Arabia

Handling of fuzzy decisions in the engineering management of large desalination plants

Evaluation of crowding of caged laying hens ( Gallus domesticus) using fuzzy set decision analysis

The applicability of fuzzy set theory to decision analysis (DA) is examined. It extends the ideas of an earlier paper Fuzzy decision by Watson et al. [33]. Particular emphasis is placed on justifying the use of Zadeh's fuzzy calculus to model impression, and an axiomatic system is suggested towards this end. This is seen as an attempt at extending Savage's axioms of subjective probability to produce approximate probabilities. It is argued that the method proposed by Watson et al. for comparing decision options is unsatisfactory, and several alternative methods are developed. Some computational anomalies are pointed out which severely limit the potential of this methodology. It is suggested that, for individual decisionmaking, fuzzy decision analysis should be viewed as an automatic sensitivity analysis, but that fuzzy sets may be useful with another interpretation for group decisionmaking. The conclusions are that the methodology has too many limitations to be of use for isolated decisions but that it may have a value for often repeated generic decisions.

Seawater intake and pre-treatment/brine discharge — environmental issues

Impact of seawater desalination and wastewater treatment on water stress levels and greenhouse gas emissions: The case of Chile

Corrosion experience data bank system for desalination and power plants (corex)

Engineering management of nuclear desalination plants—a case study, Saudi Arabia

During the operation of desalination plants of various principles, negative environmental impacts occur, firstly due to emissions of combustion products formed as a result of burning primary fuel required for the energy supply of the desalination process, and secondly due to emissions of concentrate, which is a solution of salts and minerals. Addressing the environmental problems associated with the operation of desalination plants is an urgent task. One possible solution is the development of energy-efficient installations in which brine is evaporated to a dry residue state, representing a commercially viable product. Since thermal desalination plants require heat removal for condensation of water vapor and supply of higher-potential thermal energy for the evaporation process, integrating heat transformers into the thermal schemes of desalination plants is promising. The authors have developed a thermal scheme of a gas-contact desalination plant, integrated with a steam compression heat transformer (HT). The influence of the working agent type on the performance indicators of the HT within the desalination plant was studied, and various HT energy carriers were analyzed. The highest transformation coefficient with the lowest compressor energy consumption is achieved when operating with the R600a working agent. Key performance indicators of the HT were calculated for different bubbling and drying temperatures of the steam-air mixture. The distribution of the working agent flow between the HT condensers was determined. It was established that the most efficient operating mode of the plant occurs at a heat lift height of 15°C. The developed technical solution for isobutane-based HT is effective at seawater salinity not exceeding 20 g/l.

Performance characteristics of a cyclically operated seawater desalination plant in Tajoura, Libya

Desalination experience in Morocco

Criteria and procedure for selecting a site for a desalination plant

Performance and development of PV - plant for water pumping and desalination for remote area in Saudi Arabia

Handling the variability and uncertainty associated with integrating large capacities of renewable energy sources (RES) into the power grid is a challenge that is increasingly influencing the power systems operation. At the same time, the growing need for desalinated water in arid areas increases the importance of suitable energy sources for sustainable operation of water desalination plants. However, as power and water system operators have traditionally operated their systems in isolation, there is a lack of understanding of the interdependence and interactions between these two systems. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a risk-based two-stage stochastic co-optimization framework that coordinates the operation of a renewable-rich power system with the operation of grid-connected reverse-osmosis water desalination plants (RO-WDP) to minimize their combined operational costs while increasing the utilization of RES. From the power system operation standpoint, the RO-WDPs are considered as controllable demand, and the proposed model integrates the energy flexibility of RO-WDPs in the day-ahead power system operation. The proposed model considers the operational constraints of both power and water desalination systems, thus co-optimizing their operation without compromising the reliable supply of power and water to end-users, while taking into account the uncertainty of the demands and RES. Simulation results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed coordination on enhancing the power system efficiency, facilitating RES integration, and minimizing the combined operational costs of both systems while minimizing their operating risk using conditional value at risk.

Chapter 9 - Satellites-Based Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms for Sustainable Desalination