Energy-Efficient Food Processing: Principles and Practices

Abstract

As a business establishment, food processing industries are evaluated for economic contribution, environmental impact, social sustainability, resource security, and industrial competitiveness. For this purpose, related statistical data are collected, analyzed, and maintained in a classified manner along with similar data from various other business establishments. One such classification system is the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). As per NAICS classification, industrial food manufacturing practices fall into one of the nine manufacturing sectors with NAICS Code 311. e nine manufacturing sectors with NAICS Code 311 (NAICS 2012) are the following:a. 3111 Animal food manufacturing b. 3112 Grain and oil seed milling c. 3113 Sugar and confectionary products manufacturing d. 3114 Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food manufacturing e. 3115 Dairy product manufacturing f. 3116 Animal slaughtering and processing g. 3117 Seafood product preparation and packaging h. 3118 Bakeries and tortilla manufacturing i. 3119 Other food manufacturingAnother important classification system is NACE, which is followed by the European Union, which categorizes the food processing business establishments into two major categories C10 (food products with 09 subcategories) and C11 (beverages with 01 subcategories) in the revised system (NACE 2008). In the context ofthe subject matter of this chapter, it is worth mentioning that data available from the database maintained based on the above classifications and similar systems, such as ISIC (ISIC 2008), NIC (NIC 2008), etc., followed by other nations, have been used by various earlier workers for evaluating the energy consumption pattern and efficiency (Wang 2009).