Abstract
With the exponential increase in mobile internet traffic, future cellular networks face great challenges to satisfy the demand of network capacity. At the same time, high data rate transmission and rapid increasing number of users also seriously burden the power consumption and the cost of cellular networks. Base station (BS) is the main part of power consumption, so reducing energy consumption of the BS can obviously reduce the total energy consumption. This paper investigates the effect on energy efficiency by adopting activity-aware sleeping strategies both in macrocell base station (MBS) and femtocell access point (FAP) in a two-tier femtocell network. By using stochastic geometry, we develop a trade-off between energy saving and coverage extension, regarded as the FAP additional connections by neighboring femtocell user equipment (FUE) or macrocell user equipment (MUE). Specifically, we derive users’ coverage probabilities, which is defined as the probability of user connecting to BS, in closed forms with different sleeping strategies and access policies. Moreover, we formulate power consumption minimization and energy efficiency problem and determine the optimal joint MBS-FAP operating regimes. Numerical results show that sleeping scheme and femtocell access mode both have effects on coverage probability and energy efficiency, and the effect of femtocell access mode on coverage probability is greater than sleeping scheme.
Highlights
Looking ahead to the year 2020 and beyond, there will be explosive growth in mobile data traffic
When femtocells operate in open access mode, and macrocell base station (MBS) and femtocell access point (FAP) are both in random sleeping strategy, the coverage probability of a randomly located macrocell user equipment (MUE) is given by: Pfmo,rs =
We observe that the results are consistent with Figure 4a; besides, we find that the strategic sleeping strategy and the proposed sleeping strategy has improvement over random sleeping strategy with the same coefficient of power control, and coverage probability increases with the coefficient of power control
Summary
Looking ahead to the year 2020 and beyond, there will be explosive growth in mobile data traffic. Pan et al investigate an optimal solution of power saving for femtocell cluster deployments in the sleeping mode involved macro-femto two-tier scenarios in [12] They propose a coverage extension-based energy optimization scheme for femtocell cluster deployments, which enables FAPs to adapt different sleeping patterns when macrocells are involved in sleep activation. Cao et al [13] control the numbers of MBS/micro BS to solve energy efficiency maximization problem for two-tier heterogeneous cellular networks and propose explicit analytical expressions of cell size distributions These works study sleeping patterns and coverage extension, while research on the effects of BS sleeping patterns and femtocell access modes on coverage extension and energy consumption remains an open issue.
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