Abstract
In this letter, energy transfer of Jeffery–Hamel nanofluid flow in non-parallel walls is investigated analytically using Galerkin method. The effective thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are calculated by the Maxwell–Garnetts (MG) and Brinkman models, respectively. The influence of the nanofluid volume friction, Reynolds number and angle of the channel on velocity and temperature profiles are investigated. Results show that Nusselt number increases with increase of Reynolds number and nanoparticle volume friction. Also it can be found that skin friction coefficient is an increasing function of Reynolds number, opening angle and nanoparticle volume friction.
Highlights
Nanotechnology suggests new kind of working fluid with higher thermal conductivity
Cu–water nanofluid is considered as working fluid.(See Table 1.) The numerical solution which is applied to solve the present case is the fourth order Runge–Kutta procedure
Effect of the Reynolds number on the velocity and temperature profiles are shown in Figs. 3 and 4
Summary
Nanotechnology suggests new kind of working fluid with higher thermal conductivity. Nanofluid can be used in various field of engineering. Zin et al (2017) investigated Jeffrey nanofluid free convection in a porous media under the effect of magnetic field. Abro and Khan (2017) investigated flow and heat transfer of Casson fluid in a porous medium. Sheikholeslami et al (2018f) investigated exergy loss analysis for nanofluid forced convection heat transfer in a pipe with modified turbulators. Sheikholeslami et al (2018g) studied the nanofluid natural convection in a porous cubic cavity by means of Lattice Boltzmann method. Hosseini et al (2018) utilized Galerkin method to investigated Nanofluid heat transfer analysis in a microchannel heat sink (MCHS) under the effect of magnetic field. Vaferi et al (2012) have studied the feasibility of applying of Orthogonal Collocation method to solve diffusivity equation in the radial transient flow system. The effect of active parameters such as nanoparticle volume friction, opening angle and Reynolds number on velocity and temperature boundary layer thicknesses have been examined
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