Abstract
The concern about global warming issues and their consequences is more relevant than ever, and the H2020 objectives promoted by the EU are oriented towards generating climate actions and sustainable development. The energy sector constitutes a difficult challenge as it plays a key role in the global warming impact. Its decarbonization is a crucial factor, and significant efforts are needed to find efficient alternatives to fossil fuels in heating/electricity generation. The biomass energy industry could have a contribution to make in the shift to renewable sources; the quest for a suitable material is basically focused on the energy amount that it stores, its availability, logistical considerations, and safety issues. This work deals with the characterization of a wine-waste dust sample, in terms of its chemical composition, fire behavior, and explosion violence. This material could be efficiently used in energy generation (via direct burning as pellets), but scarce information is present in terms of the fire and explosion hazards when it is pulverized. In the following, the material is analyzed through different techniques in order to clearly understand its ignition sensitivity and fire effects; accelerating aging treatment is also used to simulate the sample storage life and determine the ways in which this affects its flammability and likelihood of explosion.
Highlights
The biomass energy industry could have a contribution to make in the shift to renewable sources; the quest for a suitable material is basically focused on the energy amount that it stores, its availability, logistical considerations, and safety issues
This material could be efficiently used in energy generation, but scarce information is present in terms of the fire and explosion hazards when it is pulverized
According to IEA [1], the contribution to the total primary energy supply (TPES) of fossil fuels was equal to 81.3% in 2017, while the totality of renewable sources reached 13%
Summary
Fossil fuels have dominated the global energy supply scene. Both coal and natural gas are confirmed as the main drivers of the worldwide energy needs, and a slight growth of about 3% and 5%, respectively, among all sources from 2015 to 2017 is registered. Agricultural activities are a great source of waste, either in the form of exhaust products or as by-products, which are to be disposed of somehow, such as by energy recovering or by generating high-value secondary material While this contribution to bioenergy is low (about 3% of the total production), an increase has to be foreseen, encouraged by the demand for fossil fuel replacement by sustainable energy sources. The starting points are the outcomes of a previous paper [9], where a preliminary analysis on the thermal behavior and the explosivity of grape pomace dust was performed
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