Abstract
Hybrid photovoltaic-diesel systems are becoming more and more attractive for rural electrification in sub-Saharan Africa region. In this paper, some energy management strategies for a photovoltaic-diesel system without battery storage have been theoretically and experimentally studied. The proposed strategies are respectively based on active power control of inverters and controllable loads to ensure security operation for the system and maximize the solar energy penetration. Simulations and experiments have been performed under two different climate conditions and have been applied to an African rural load profile. All the energy management strategies developed have been implemented with the Matlab environment. The obtained results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed strategies to avoid power reserve to the diesel generator, to increase solar energy fraction, to reduce CO2 emissions, and to ensure the system’s frequency and voltage stability.
Highlights
IntroductionBetween 1.7 and 2.0 billion people do not have access to public grid-based electricity
At a worldwide level, between 1.7 and 2.0 billion people do not have access to public grid-based electricity
Whenever the PV energy is higher than the load demand or the Diesel generators (DG) is in a situation to operate under its minimal output value, the controllable loads are connected to the system to consume the surplus of PV energy generated and allow the DG to operate up its minimal output set point
Summary
Between 1.7 and 2.0 billion people do not have access to public grid-based electricity. As shown by many authors, PV/Diesel hybrid systems can be more reliable and cost effective than stand-alone PV or Diesel systems It could be a great opportunity for rural electrification that could trigger social and economic development in rural areas [4,5,6]. The different energy management strategies studied are described This strategy called “Inverter ON/OFF control” aims to control the hybrid PV/Diesel system by switching ON or OFF the inverter according to climate conditions and load variation. When XInverter = 1, the inverter is connected and the load will be fed by both inverter and diesel generator This control strategy based on PV inverter switching is the simplest approach to control PV energy penetration on a hybrid system. We proposed in what follows two new strategies, which aim to achieve more PV energy integration in the energy system and to guarantee reliable operation of the whole system
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