Abstract
Energy efficiency improvement is essential for China’s sustainable development of its social economy. Based on the provincial panel data of China’s three economic regions from 1990 to 2013, this research uses the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the total-factor energy efficiency, and the Tobit regression model to explore the driving factors of efficiency changes. Empirical results show: (1) Energy efficiency, energy consumption structure, and government fiscal scale are significantly positively correlated. (2) Industrial structure and per capita income level have negative correlation to energy efficiency; the impact of industrial structure on energy efficiency is relatively small. (3) The increase of carbon dioxide emissions will decrease the energy efficiency. Furthermore, with people becoming less conscious of energy conservation and emission reduction, energy efficiency will also decrease. (4) Specific energy policies will improve energy efficiency, and greater openness in coastal areas will also have the similar effect.
Highlights
Sustainable development of energy is a prerequisite for sustainable economic development in China
As well as in the 13th Five-Year Plan of Energy Development, the government emphasizes that the coal consumption proportion should be reduced to less than 58%, while the non-fossil energy consumption should be increased to more than 15%, and the proportion of natural gas consumption should be up to 10%, and energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) fall by 16.8% [2]
Labor force, and the total amount of primary energy consumption as the input factors, and the actual GDP of the three regions as the output indicator, the investment-oriented CCR model is utilized to measure the data of the seven provinces in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta and make analyses of the differences among corresponding energy efficiency values
Summary
Sustainable development of energy is a prerequisite for sustainable economic development in China. To achieve sustainable development of energy, in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Energy Development, the general idea of “the transition of the current energy system to a sustainable modern system” is clearly put forward, and the requirement for reducing energy consumption per unit of the gross domestic product (GDP) by 16% is clearly stipulated [1]. In order to alleviate the contradiction between energy supply and demand, and reduce the pressure of environmental protection, we adopt an energy strategy of energy conservation and raising energy utilization efficiency. This is conducive to sustainable energy development
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