Abstract
Stenting is currently the major therapeutic treatment for cardiovascular diseases. However, the nonbiogenic metal stents are inclined to trigger a cascade of cellular and molecular events including inflammatory response, thrombogenic reactions, smooth muscle cell hyperproliferation accompanied by the delayed arterial healing, and poor reendothelialization, thus leading to restenosis along with late stent thrombosis. To address prevalence critical problems, we present an endothelium-mimicking coating capable of rapid regeneration of a competently functioning new endothelial layer on stents through a stepwise metal (copper)-catechol-(amine) (MCA) surface chemistry strategy, leading to combinatorial endothelium-like functions with glutathione peroxidase-like catalytic activity and surface heparinization. Apart from the stable nitric oxide (NO) generating rate at the physiological level (2.2 × 10−10 mol/cm2/min lasting for 60 days), this proposed strategy could also generate abundant amine groups for allowing a high heparin conjugation efficacy up to ∼1 μg/cm2, which is considerably higher than most of the conventional heparinized surfaces. The resultant coating could create an ideal microenvironment for bringing in enhanced anti-thrombogenicity, anti-inflammation, anti-proliferation of smooth muscle cells, re-endothelialization by regulating relevant gene expressions, hence preventing restenosis in vivo. We envision that the stepwise MCA coating strategy would facilitate the surface endothelium-mimicking engineering of vascular stents and be therefore helpful in the clinic to reduce complications associated with stenosis.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of medical conditions including heart and blood vessels flowing through the body
To address prevalence critical problems, we present an endothelium-mimicking coating capable of rapid regeneration of a competently functioning new endothelial layer on stents through a stepwise metal-catechol-(amine) (MCA) surface chemistry strategy, leading to combinatorial endothelium-like functions with glutathione peroxidase-like catalytic activity and surface heparinization
We envision that the stepwise metal (copper)-catechol-(amine) (MCA) coating strategy would facilitate the surface endothelium-mimicking engineering of vascular stents and be helpful in the clinic to reduce complications associated with stenosis
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of medical conditions including heart and blood vessels flowing through the body. CVDs claim 17.9 million lives, representing 31% of global deaths [1]. Among the most common forms of CVDs, coronary heart disease happens when coronary arteries become narrow and hinder the blood flow to the heart [2]. Cardiovascular stent intervention in the clinic has benefited many patients with CVDs worldwide owing to the high efficiency of keeping the vessel open [3]. In-stent restenosis (ISR) is still a major concern resulting from a Research Xa. Heparan sulfate: Blood coagulation Angiogenesis.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
