Endothelial Nogo-B regulates sphingolipid biosynthesis to promote the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure during chronic pressure overload

Abstract

Introduction: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) can reflect both central and peripheral arterial stiffness. Metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components may increase arterial stiffness and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the correlation of MS and its components with arterial stiffness has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between MS and its components with the arterial stiffness by measuring baPWV in Spanish population with intermediate cardiovascular risk. Methods: Cross-sectional study. 2384 participants of the MARK study were analyzed, aged 35 to 74 years (mean 61.3 7.7), 61.7% male. Measurement: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was estimated by equation. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the NCEPATP III definition. Waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile were measured. The relationship between baPWV and MS and its components was analyzed. Results: baPWV was significantly higher in subjects with MS (15.54 2.82) than in those without MS (14.96 3.07) (p<0.001 for both genders). By multivariate regression analysis, after adjusting for age, weight, height, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs and antidiabetic drugs, the baPWV maintained a positive association with the MS (b1⁄40.661 and b1⁄40.666; p<0.001) in both genders. Also, there is an association with the BP and FPG (b1⁄41.451 and b1⁄40.602; p<0.05) in females and with the BP and higher waist circumference (b1⁄41.664 and b1⁄40.436; p<0.05) in males. Low HDL-C and high triglycerides do not keep any association. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was positively correlated with baPWV. The association of the MS and its components with baPWV differs by gender. Monitoring baPWV can be helpful to identify the early stage of arterial stiffness in those people with MS.