Abstract
A new approach by investigating the intra-tumoral microbiome raised great interest because they may influence the host immune response and natural history of the disease. However, previous studies on the intra-tumoral microbiome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were mostly based on examining the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) as a complementary procedure of surgical biopsy to obtain adequate fresh pancreatic cancer tissue for intra-tumoral microbial research. This was a prospective pilot study performed at a single tertiary referral center. We obtained pancreatic cancer tissue by EUS-FNB and surgical biopsy, respectively. We amplified the V3-V4 hyper-variable region of bacterial 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) genes, constructed a pair-end library, and performed high-throughput sequencing. From August 2020 to November 2020, nine eligible patients with PDAC were enrolled in this study. The intra-tumoral microbiome profile was successfully generated from the PDAC cancer tissue obtained by EUS-FNB as well as by surgical biopsy. There was no significant difference in intra-tumoral alpha-diversity or bacterial taxonomic composition between tissues obtained by EUS-FNB and by surgical biopsy. EUS-FNB can collect sufficient fresh cancer tissue for microbiome analyses without complication. The intra-tumoral microbiome profile in tissues obtained by EUS-FNB had similar alpha-diversity and taxonomic profiles with those obtained by surgical biopsy. It implicated, except for surgical biopsy, EUS-FNB can be another valid and valuable tool for studying intra-tumoral microbiome in patients with resectable and unresectable PDAC.
Highlights
A new approach by investigating the intra-tumoral microbiome raised great interest because they may influence the host immune response and natural history of the disease
Studies on the intra-tumoral microbiome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were mostly based on examining the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens obtained from patients who underwent surgical resection[4,6]
Whether endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) can be used as a complementary procedure to obtain adequate fresh pancreatic cancer tissue to investigate the intra-tumoral microbiome remained unclear
Summary
A new approach by investigating the intra-tumoral microbiome raised great interest because they may influence the host immune response and natural history of the disease. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) as a complementary procedure of surgical biopsy to obtain adequate fresh pancreatic cancer tissue for intra-tumoral microbial research. This was a prospective pilot study performed at a single tertiary referral center. Abbreviations PDAC Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma FFPE Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded EUS-FNA Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration EUS-FNB Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy rRNA Ribosomal ribonucleic acid bp Base pairs OTU Operational taxonomic unit PCoA Principal coordinates analysis. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the intra-tumoral microbiome profile of pancreatic cancerous tissue obtained by EUS-FNB and surgical biopsy. We compared the yield rates, adverse events, and complications between these two procedures
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