Abstract

The concept of enculturation has not been given its articulate definition. Therefore, it has been used inconsistently in anthropology as well as in other fields. Various anthropologists have tended to regard enculturation as consisting of such processes as socialization, the acquiring of culture, and cultural internalization, excluding an innovative process of enculturation. Herskovits' definition, however, is more elaborate, and, furthermore, includes a process of novel change and inquiry. Two phases of enculturation, according to him, can be distinguished: the unconscious stage of early years in human growth, where the individual unconsciously internalizes his culture; the conscious stage of later years, which involves innovations initiated by individuals. He contends that these two phases constitute the total process of enculturation. The problem inherent in Herskovits' arbitrary separation of the early years from the later in human learning and teaching lies in that this separation is contradict...

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