En Ünlü Arap İslam Medikal Kitaplarındaki İnsan Anomalileri

Abstract

Objective: Congenital anomalies in human is well known since prehistoric man, but it is believed now that these anomalies are continuously increasing in their incidence on one side and in their differences on the other. Aim of the paper: to identify the most important congenital anomalies in human, according to what was written in the most important old Arabic medical books during the Arab Islamic civilization era. Material and Methods: the historical method was followed in this research, by going back to some important old Arabic medical books, mainly al-Hawi and al-Taqseem Waltashjeer books of Rhazes, al-qanun fi al-tibb book of Avicenna, and al-Tasreef book of Albucasis. Then, a comparison study of these anomalies were done with what is currently known in modern medicine. Results: 1- Old Arab physicians knew some congenital anomalies in human, and they talked about in their books. 2- Arab physicians distinguished between two types of hydrocephalus; congenital, which its cause is unknown, and acquired such as resulted from midwifery trauma. 3- Arab physicians talked on the treatment of two types of urethral anomalies. 4- Arab physicians did not mention to some anomalies currently known, such as cleft palate. Conclusion: Old Arab physicians talked in their books on some congenital anomalies in human, and in some cases they determined their treatment either surgical or non-surgical. But they did not mention to some anomalies well know now.