Abstract
PurposeThis paper studies social inequality in the vital field of employment in Spain during the crisis period 2009-2014.Design/methodology/approachFactor analysis is used to build a synthetic index of employment exclusion. The starting information matrix collects data from a wide set of employment variables for all 17 Spanish autonomous communities and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla. Based on this information, four factors are extracted which explain employment exclusion in different situations of vulnerability, such as unemployment, temporality, poverty or low pay.FindingsIn the territorial ranking, Madrid, Basque Country, Aragon and Catalonia show the lowest risk of employment exclusion, whereas Ceuta, Andalusia, Extremadura and Canary Islands show the highest ones.Originality/valueThe main value of this research is that it confirms the need for coordination of public policies in order to foster social and territorial cohesion in Spain.
Highlights
The employment dimension has been proven paramount in social exclusion analysis
Data were collected from a large number of workrelated variables so as to define a synthetic indicator of employment exclusion revealing the territorial gap in Spain and the factors accounting for such disparities
Several structural changes related to the labour market, the complexity and fragmentation of the social structure and the regression in the protection of citizen rights by public administrations are put forward when explaining the increase in social inequalities and vulnerable population groups, referred to by the term social exclusion [Laparra Navarro et al (2007); Ayala Cañon (2008); Hernández Pedreño (2008)]
Summary
The employment dimension has been proven paramount in social exclusion analysis. This study aims at broadening the knowledge on the factors shaping the risk of exclusion in the employment dimension. Several structural changes related to the labour market, the complexity and fragmentation of the social structure and the regression in the protection of citizen rights by public administrations are put forward when explaining the increase in social inequalities and vulnerable population groups, referred to by the term social exclusion [Laparra Navarro et al (2007); Ayala Cañon (2008); Hernández Pedreño (2008)] This process has been exacerbated by the crisis, expanding the risk of social exclusion to new population groups [Fundacion FOESSA (2014); Hernández Pedreño (2014); Leahy et al (2015)] and widening the regional gap. Spain has one of the highest percentages of economically vulnerable
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