Emissões de gases do efeito estufa do solo em sistema de produção de caprinos no semiárido brasileiro

Abstract

ABSTRACT In the climate change scenario, studying greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and measures of mitigation in the Caatinga biome are strategic and may provide a basis for mitigation plans. This study aimed to evaluate the soil CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes, as well as determining an annual baseline for GHG emissions, in a reference site of silvopastoral production system in the Brazilian semiarid region, in order to provide subsidies for future studies on GHG emissions mitigation. The GHG fluxes were monitored over one year, in a buffel grass pasture and in grazed and native Caatinga areas, which are components of a long-term silvopastoral system. The CO2 fluxes ranged from -19.98 to 179.12 mg m-2 h-1 of CO2-C, CH4 fluxes from -76.21 to 113.87 µg m-2 h-1 of CH4-C, N2O fluxes from -1,043.12 to 471.37 µg m-2 h-1 of N2O-N and the soil moisture was the main factor limiting the GHG fluxes. The total emissions converted to CO2-equivalent in the anthropized areas were lower than in the native area (65 % for the buffel grass pasture and 741 % for the grazed Caatinga). Therefore, it is possible to afrm that the GHG soil emissions from grazed areas in the Caatinga biome are not as high as in the native Caatinga, what is an important indication of the environmental sustainability of the evaluated silvopastoral system.